ABSTRACT
Background: Gastrointestinal tract is involved by a large number of inflammatory, infectious and neoplastic diseases. There is a worldwide rising incidence of GIT lesions especially neoplasms.Methods: This study was planned to correlate endoscopic and colonoscopic brush cytology with histopathology of gastrointestinal lesions and to determine the spectrum of gastrointestinal lesions in patients subjected to endoscopic brushings and biopsy.Results: Sensitivity of upper GI brush cytology was 95.15% and specificity 90.41%. Sensitivity of colonoscopic brush cytology was 100% and specificity 86.79%. The accuracy of brush cytology came out to be 92.45% in upper GIT and 92.22% in lower GIT.Conclusions: Brush cytology is a non-invasive and cost-effective method to retrieve epithelial cells from a much larger surface area of the mucosa, thus allowing thorough sampling and increasing the diagnostic yield.
ABSTRACT
Background: The Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytology (TSBRTC) was devised by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) to obtain uniformity, reproducibility and a defined management protocol while dealing with thyroid lesions. This study was undertaken with the aim to see the benefits of adopting TBSRTC in the diagnosis of thyroid FNAC, and identify the malignancy risk of each category.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh from June 2016 to July 2017 on 181 thyroid FNACs which were reported according to the Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology (TBSRTC) under six categories: (I) non-diagnostic/unsatisfactory (II) benign (III) atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (IV) follicular neoplasm/suspicious for follicular neoplasm (specify if Hurthle cell (oncocytic) type (V) suspicious for malignancy (VI) malignant. Histopathological diagnosis was available for 65 cases where thyroidectomy was performed. Malignancy risk was calculated for each category. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for TBSRCT were also calculated. All the data was analyzed in SPSS software version 22.0 (IBM, USA).Results: Benign lesions constituted the major bulk. After the use of TBSRTC, there was increased ability to look for follicular neoplasms, improvement in making definitive diagnosis of the cases, an improvement in diagnostic accuracy, and we were in line with the implied risk outlined by TBSRTC in most of the cases.Conclusions: Application of TBSRTC results in uniformity in reporting among pathologists and better interdisciplinary communication and patient management.
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Background: Examination of specimens obtained through fl exible fi beroptic bronchoscope is an important and often the initial diagnostic technique performed in patients with suspected malignant lung lesion. Aims: To evaluate the correlation of cytological fi ndings of bronchial washings, bronchial brushing and imprint smear of bronchial biopsy in the diagnosis of lung tumors, with histopathology of bronchial biopsy taking the latter as the confi rmatory diagnostic test. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 patients with lung mass were included in the study. Bronchial brushings were obtained from all 200 cases. In the fi rst 100 cases, pre-biopsy bronchial washing (washing collected before the brushing and biopsy procedure) while post-biopsy washing (washing at the end of the procedure) was procured in all 200 cases. Imprint smears of bronchial biopsy were prepared in 150 cases. Results: Sensitivity and specifi city of brushing was 76.58% and 77.78% respectively and that of imprint smear was 81.35% and 78.12% respectively. Pre-biopsy and post-biopsy washing showed high specifi city of 88.89%, but low sensitivity of 30.14 and 36.77% respectively. No signifi cant difference was found in sensitivity between brushing and imprint smear (Chi-square; P = 0.4187); and between pre-biopsy and postbiopsy washing (Chi-square; P = 0.7982). However, there was a signifi cant difference between sensitivity of brushing and washing (Chi-square; P = 0.0001). The sensitivity of combination of three cytological diagnostic techniques was 87.29%. Conclusion: Bronchial brushing and washing cytology in combination with imprint cytology aids in the diagnosis of lung tumors. Therefore, all these techniques may be used concurrently along with bronchial biopsy to diagnose lung tumors.
ABSTRACT
Angiolipoma is a benign variant of lipoma that is rare in the breast and may be confused clinically, radiologically and pathologically with other benign as well as malignant tumors. Clinicians, radiologists and pathologists in particular should not forget the existence of an angiolipoma of the breast to avoid unnecessary reaspiration of the lesion considering the smears with only adipose tissue fragments as inadequate. We report two cases of angiolipoma who presented with solitary lumps in the breast and a clinical diagnosis of fibroadenoma was suggested in both the cases. Both were diagnosed as lipoma on cytology and on excisional biopsy, a histopathological diagnosis of angiolipoma was given.